Lijecnicki vjesnik 2019;141(11-12)
Clinical guidelines for diagnostics, treatment and monitoring of patients with kidney cancer
Tomislav Omrčen, Tihana Boraska Jelavić, Marijan Šitum, Katarina Vilović, Krešimir Dolić, Dag Zahirović, Ira Pavlović Ružić, Kristian Krpina, Marijana Jazvić, Boris Ružić, Monika Ulamec, Marija Gamulin, Milena Gnjidić, Željko Kaštelan, Marijana Ćorić, Ana Marija Alduk, Maja Drežnjak Madunić, Josipa Jović-Zlatović, Zvonimir Curić, Eduard Vrdoljak
Abstract
Clear cell cancer is the most common form of kidney cancer. Clinically, it is mostly asymptomatic, and only a small proportion of patients present with hematuria, pain, and palpable abdominal mass. It is most commonly detected incidentally during radiological examinations for other causes. Diagnosis of kidney cancer is confirmed by pathohistological findings after the radiological imaging procedures. The decision on optimal treatment is based on a clinical assessment, stage of the disease and the presence of other risk factors. Depending on this, treatment options include surgical procedure, systemic treatment with small molecules, immunotherapy, chemotherapy in selected patients, and palliative radiotherapy. In the following text clinical guidelines have been presented to standardize procedures and criteria for diagnosing, treating and monitoring kidney cancer patients in the Republic of Croatia.